More birds around cattle farms have been shown to have an increased prevalence of E. coli O157.

• A. False
• B. True
• C. Not sure
• D. Not applicable

Answer: (B)

Wildlife can carry E. coli O157:H7 and spread it through their droppings in farm environments. Birds that frequent cattle farms are exposed to cattle feces and can become carriers themselves, and their droppings can contaminate feed, water troughs, soil, and other surfaces. This environmental contamination increases the prevalence of the organism in the farm vicinity, so more birds around cattle operations have higher carriage rates. Studies have shown higher carriage in birds captured near cattle operations than in those farther away, supporting the statement. Managing birds around feed and water sources is a practical step to reduce this transmission route.