The first reported human case of RB51 brucellosis in the United States occurred in 2017.

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Multiple Choice

The first reported human case of RB51 brucellosis in the United States occurred in 2017.

Explanation:
RB51 brucellosis comes from the Brucella abortus RB51 vaccine strain used in cattle, and human infections are rare but real, usually tied to occupational exposure or contact with RB51‑vaccinated cattle or their unpasteurized dairy products. The year 2017 is cited in public health records as the first documented human RB51 infection in the United States, which is why this statement is true. This matters because RB51 lacks the O-antigen part of the Brucella surface, so standard serology can miss RB51 infections, making culture or PCR-based identification essential. Also, RB51 is resistant to rifampin, guiding clinicians to choose effective antibiotic regimens (for example, doxycycline with TMP-SMX or doxycycline with an aminoglycoside) rather than relying on rifampin.

RB51 brucellosis comes from the Brucella abortus RB51 vaccine strain used in cattle, and human infections are rare but real, usually tied to occupational exposure or contact with RB51‑vaccinated cattle or their unpasteurized dairy products. The year 2017 is cited in public health records as the first documented human RB51 infection in the United States, which is why this statement is true. This matters because RB51 lacks the O-antigen part of the Brucella surface, so standard serology can miss RB51 infections, making culture or PCR-based identification essential. Also, RB51 is resistant to rifampin, guiding clinicians to choose effective antibiotic regimens (for example, doxycycline with TMP-SMX or doxycycline with an aminoglycoside) rather than relying on rifampin.

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