Varroa mites vector which disease?

• A. Deformed Wing Virus
• B. Tremor Virus
• C. Nosema disease
• D. Chalkbrood

Answer: (A)

Varroa mites are a major vector for viruses in honey bees, with Deformed Wing Virus being the most important one they transmit. When a mite feeds on a bee, it can acquire DWV from an infected individual and pass it to others during subsequent feedings. The mite not only spreads the virus but also helps amplify it, leading to higher viral loads that cause visible symptoms like deformed wings, shortened bodies, tremors, and reduced lifespan. This close association between Varroa infestation and DWV-driven disease is why this virus is the best answer.

Nosema is a gut parasite that spreads via spores in contaminated material, not primarily through Varroa. Chalkbrood is caused by a fungus and likewise spreads through environmental spores rather than via Varroa transmission. Tremor Virus is not the classic virus most strongly linked to Varroa-mediated transmission in honey bees.