Which of the following is NOT one of the primary objectives of NARMS?

• A. Monitor trends in antimicrobial resistance among foodborne bacteria from humans, retail meats, and animals
• B. Disseminate timely information on antimicrobial resistance to promote interventions
• C. Conduct research to better understand the emergence, persistence, and spread of antimicrobial resistance
• D. Develop vaccines for foodborne pathogens

Answer: (D)

NARMS is a surveillance program focused on antimicrobial resistance in foodborne bacteria across humans, retail meats, and animals, with the goal of tracking resistance patterns over time and informing public health actions. Its primary aims are to monitor trends in resistance, disseminate timely information to promote interventions, and conduct research to understand how resistance emerges, persists, and spreads within the food animal–human ecosystem. Developing vaccines for foodborne pathogens is not part of NARMS’s mission, since vaccine development falls under product development and immunology activities rather than surveillance, data sharing, and understanding resistance dynamics.