Which statement is most accurate about norovirus infections?

• A. It only occurs in the elderly
• B. It is rarely self-limiting
• C. It is commonly asymptomatic in children
• D. It is usually self-limiting unless immunocompromised

Answer: (D)

Norovirus infections are typically an acute, self-limiting gastroenteritis that can affect people of all ages. The most accurate statement is that the illness is usually self-limiting unless the person is immunocompromised. In healthy individuals, symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps typically resolve within a few days with supportive care and good fluid intake. The main concern is dehydration, especially in young children and older adults, so oral rehydration and electrolyte management are important.

In people with weakened immune systems, the infection can be more severe and longer-lasting because the body has a harder time clearing the virus, leading to prolonged symptoms and persistent viral shedding.

Why the other statements aren’t correct: norovirus is not limited to the elderly; it can cause illness in people of any age and is a common cause of outbreaks in settings like schools, cruise ships, and workplaces. It’s not accurate to say it’s rarely self-limiting, since in otherwise healthy individuals it typically resolves on its own. While asymptomatic infection and shedding can occur, it is not the usual presentation in children, who commonly experience noticeable symptoms.