Which test is used to determine if pasteurization is adequate by assessing enzyme activity?

• A. pH test
• B. Alkaline phosphatase test
• C. Lactose test
• D. Protein content

Answer: (B)

Testing for alkaline phosphatase activity is used to verify pasteurization. Alkaline phosphatase is present in raw milk and is relatively heat-stable, so adequate pasteurization inactivates it. If the test shows no alkaline phosphatase activity, the pasteurization step likely achieved the required heat treatment. If alkaline phosphatase activity is detected, it suggests the process may not have been hot enough or long enough to inactivate enzymes (and pathogens) effectively. Other options like pH, lactose, or protein content do not directly indicate pasteurization adequacy, since they can change for reasons unrelated to heat treatment.